As it is well known, technology has been increasing continuously, but energy resources has been remained insufficient for this increase. WE SHOULD START TO USE WASTES THAT FIND WITHIN THE NATURE FOR PRODUCING ENERGY. In recent years, Biogas systems have been drawing attention. Developed and developing countries and some international organizations headed towards to BIOGAS.
BIOGAS: It is a clean and efficient fuel. The main source for biogas is wet cattle dung.
* It is a mixture of 1. Methane
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
3.Hydrogen
4. Hydrogen sulpide (H2S).
* Methane is a gas that can be collected and burned as a fuel.
* This gas is produced by animal waste,as it decays. Some farms collect animal waste and store it in tanks, processing the collected gas.
* The resulting methane gas is then compressed in tanks/containers and distributed to consumers.
* It can be used to heat cookers,household purposes and to even to power to car engines.
Firstly, the biogas has low cost and does not produce waste, and controls the environment pollution. Biogas can be used directly for heating and electrical production.It is also considered as a source of RENEWABLE ENERGY due to the continuous production of waste.
According to estimates from the energy market regulatory board, Turkey’s electricity demand will increase upto 60% in 2015. The Turkish ministry of energy and natural resources has decided to tend renewable energy sources for reducing the transfer of resources from abroad. New renewable energy resources act that is no. 6094 was legislated in December 29,2010. THE PURPOSE OF THIS NEW LAW IS TO PROMOTE THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR ELECTRICAL PRODUCTION, GAINING OF THESE RESOURCES INTO THE ECONOMY AS RELIABLE,INCREASING OF THE DIVERSITY OF SOURCES.
BIOGAS POTENTIAL IN TURKEY : Large amounts of waste organic matter that released especially in rural areas are important for the evaluation of Biogas and organic fertilizer production.
When energy stastics of turkey are examined, animal and plantal wastes are to meet 9% of total energy production and 4% the total energy consumption.
Animal manure is generally used for heating and cooking in rural areas in Turkey. THE USE OF ANIMAL MANURE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IS MORE ECONOMICAL . Animal manure has Superior properties compared to artificial fertilizers. It provides plant nutrients to soil and improves soil fertility.
BIOGAS UTILIZATION AREAS:
1. Using of biogas in heating
2. Using of biogas in lighting
3. Using of biogas in engines.
BUSINESS INCOME :-
produced electricity, released heat and the sale of organic fertilizer are the most important sources of income that expected from biogas system. In addition,the liquid manure which is used in the agricultural areas, and obtained from procedure can be sold to GREAT INCOME.
According to study which is conducted in INDIA, almost 0.12 ha forest is saved by means of a Biogas plant, which produces 2.8 m^3 biogas.28 ha forest will be saved by means of 240 m ^3 fermentation tank which works with 200 cattle every year.
INCOME OBTAINED FROM PRODUCED ELECTRICITY:-
We are considering the turkey as an example. According to the new law ( no. 6094) which put into effect on December 29, 2010, ministry of energy and natural resources will pay $13.3 cents per kwh for electricity that is generated from BIOGAS.
INCOME OBTAINING FROM SALE OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER:- While farm fertilizers contains 4 kg of N, 2kg of P2O5 and 4 kg of K2O per ton, biofertilizer which is formed as a result of fermentation,contains 5.6 kg ofN , 3.7 kg of P2O5 and 5.6 kg of K2O per ton.
So, using these type of fertilizers are so beneficiary and also more profitable. we can achieve best profits.
INCOME OBTAINING FROM HEAT RELEASED DURING THE PRODUCTION:-
Heat is released as well as electric power and organic fertilizer during the process of biogas. This heat can be used for heating in the green house and it also supply to residential places.This also a source which can be evaluated as MARKETABLE PRICE.
CONCLUSION :-
As a result, biogas can be an alternative for closure of our country’s energy deficits, and also in preventing the emission of greenhouse gases into atmosphere,and also increasing the national capital of county. Moreover, it is best alternative instead of natural gas ( or ) LPG gas.It can be seen as a SOURCE OF ENERGY NOT A WASTE.
” BIOGAS for villages and farms for our cities will be become future source to energy after a certain period of time. “
